Infections And Prophylaxis Following Kidney Transplantation
Although
kidney transplantation is one of the most effective treatment options for
end-stage renal disease, infections in the post transplant period are among the
primary complications that determine patient and graft outcomes. The incidence
and spectrum of these infections vary depending on surgical complications,
allograft function, the intensity of the immunosuppressive regimen used, and
prophylactic measures. In the early period, surgical site infections, catheter and
catheter related infections, and hospital acquired bacterial infections are
predominant, while opportunistic pathogens such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), BK
polyomavirus, and Pneumocystis jirovecii become more prominent within
the first 6 months. In the late phase, community-acquired infections
predominate; however, the risk of opportunistic infections persists in patients
receiving intensive or repeated immunosuppression. Urinary tract infections are
the most common group of infections in kidney transplant recipients and are
particularly associated with graft dysfunction, bacteremia, and hospitalization
in the early phase. Although fungal infections are less common, they require
early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal treatment due to their high
mortality rate. Prophylactic and preemptive strategies play a critical role in
the management of these infections, which directly impact both patient and
graft survival. In this section, post-kidney transplant infections are
addressed within a time-based framework; their clinical characteristics, diagnostic
approach, treatment principles, and current prophylaxis strategies are
summarized.
Bu kitabın bölümleri bulunmamaktadır.
Atıf Sayısı :
