This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of dysgeusia
(taste disorders), focusing on its physiological basis, anatomical structures
involved in taste perception, and its association with systemic diseases. The
mechanisms of taste perception and the distribution of taste receptors within
the tongue, palate, pharynx, and epiglottis are summarized. The classification,
clinical characteristics, and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of taste
disorders are discussed, with particular emphasis on dysgeusia. Furthermore,
the chapter reviews the relationship between taste dysfunction and systemic
conditions, including diabetes mellitus, renal and hepatic diseases,
neurological and endocrine disorders, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and
infectious diseases. By integrating current evidence, this chapter aims to
improve the understanding of the etiology of dysgeusia, support clinical
evaluation, and emphasize that taste disorders represent an important clinical
finding requiring a multidisciplinary approach.
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