Coronary artery disease is a major etiology
leading to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Myocardial ischemic damage
results from the disruption of coronary blood flow and leads to irreversible
metabolic and structural changes. In tissue with reduced blood flow, a complex
process begins involving reactive oxygen species, complement, and the immune
system. Blood flow is required for both cell regeneration and the removal of
toxic metabolites in ischemic tissue. However, reperfusion of ischemic tissue
results in more severe damage than tissue ischemia itself. This paradox is an
area of ongoing research and should be investigated in-depth through animal
model studies.
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