Anatomy Of Testes
The testis, a crucial element of
the male reproductive system, is located in the scrotum and plays a key role in
the creation of sperm and testosterone. The testis, has clearly defined surfaces,
boundaries, and poles. The testis is surrounded by two layers: the tunica
vaginalis and the tunica albuginea. Inside the testis, there are seminiferous
tubules, which are essential for the production of sperm. The testes undergo a
prenatal descent, initiated by the gubernaculum testis, which leads to their
retroperitoneal positioning between the transversalis fascia and peritoneum. It
is essential to keep the temperature of the scrotum 2-3°C lower than the
temperature of the abdominal cavity in order to support optimal sperm
production. The testis and epididymis receive their blood supply mostly from
the testicular artery, which is supplemented by the vasal and cremasteric
arteries. The testicular veins contribute to temperature regulation by forming
the pampiniform plexus. The flow of lymphatic fluid occurs in a retroperitoneal
manner, and sensory nerve signals, coming from the T10-T11 spinal segments. Comprehending
the complex structure of the testis is essential for understanding its development,
function, and regulation, which in turn contributes to progress in the fields
of reproductive medicine and urology.
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